How to Get Rid of Canker Sores

Canker sores are small, painful ulcers inside the mouth. They appear on the gums, tongue, inner cheeks, or lips. Unlike cold sores, canker sores are not contagious. Most heal on their own within 1 to 2 weeks, but treatments can ease pain and speed recovery.

Over-the-Counter Treatments

Topical gels and creams with benzocaine or lidocaine numb the pain. Apply these directly to the sore before meals. Mouth rinses without alcohol can also help—alcohol-based rinses irritate canker sores and make them worse.

Look for OTC products like Orajel or Anbesol for quick pain relief. Some people find that protective pastes create a coating over the sore, reducing irritation from food and drink.

Home Remedies

Salt water rinses are simple and effective. Mix one teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water. Rinse for 30 seconds, then spit. Do this several times a day. The salt reduces swelling and helps keep the area clean.

Baking soda also works well. Mix a small amount with water to make a paste and apply it to the sore. Baking soda neutralizes acids in the mouth that can irritate the ulcer.

Ice chips or cold foods can numb pain temporarily. Let ice dissolve slowly in your mouth near the sore for relief.

Prescription Options

For severe or recurring canker sores, doctors may prescribe stronger medicines. Steroid mouth rinses with dexamethasone reduce inflammation. Prescription gels with high-potency corticosteroids like fluocinonide can speed healing.

In some cases, doctors use cauterization to seal the sore and reduce pain quickly. This is usually reserved for sores that don't respond to other treatments.

Prevention Tips

Avoid foods that trigger sores. Common culprits include citrus fruits, spicy foods, and acidic items like tomatoes. Switch to a toothpaste without sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), which can irritate mouth tissue.

Stress and minor mouth injuries often trigger canker sores. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush gently. Some people get canker sores when they're low on vitamin B12, iron, or folic acid—eating a balanced diet may help prevent them.

When to See a Doctor

See a healthcare provider if your canker sore is larger than half an inch, lasts more than 3 weeks, comes with fever, or if you get sores frequently. Large or persistent ulcers may signal an underlying health condition that needs treatment.